mirror of
https://github.com/Snailclimb/JavaGuide
synced 2025-06-29 06:41:32 +08:00
126 lines
4.6 KiB
Markdown
126 lines
4.6 KiB
Markdown
<!-- TOC -->
|
||
|
||
* [Bootstrap引导](#bootstrap引导)
|
||
* [Bootstrap类](#bootstrap类)
|
||
* [引导客户端和无连接协议](#引导客户端和无连接协议)
|
||
* [引导服务端](#引导服务端)
|
||
|
||
<!--/ TOC -->
|
||
|
||
# Bootstrap引导
|
||
在了解ChanelPipeline,EventLoop等组件之后,我们需要将这些组件组织起来,使其成为一个可运行的应用程序。
|
||
这里就需要引导这些组件了。
|
||
|
||
|
||
## Bootstrap类
|
||
引导类的层次结构包括一个抽象的父类和两个具体的引导子类:
|
||
|
||

|
||
|
||
ServerBootstrap总是需要一个ServerSocketChannel来处理客户端的连接通信,而
|
||
Bootstrap则只需要一个普通的Channel用于与服务端的通信。
|
||
|
||
下面是AbstractBootstrap的主要方法:
|
||
|
||
| 方法 | 描述 |
|
||
| :--- | :--- |
|
||
| group | 设置用语处理所有事件的EventLoopGroup |
|
||
| channel | 指定服务端或客户端的Channel |
|
||
| channelFactory | 如果引导没有指定Channel,那么可以指定ChannelFactory来创建Channel |
|
||
| localAddress | 指定Channel需要绑定的本地地址,如果不指定,则将由系统随机分配一个地址 |
|
||
| remoteAddress | 设置Channel需要连接的远程地址 |
|
||
| attr | 指定新创建的Channel的属性值 |
|
||
| handler | 设置添加到ChannelPipeline中的ChannelHandler |
|
||
| connect | 连接到远程主机,返回ChannelFuture,用于连接完成的回调 |
|
||
| bind | 绑定指定地址,返回ChannelFuture,用于绑定完成的回调 |
|
||
|
||
|
||
### 引导客户端和无连接协议
|
||
Bootstrap负责Netty应用程序的客户端引导,作为客户端,我们需要使用到connect API来连接到远程
|
||
服务端,其过程如下:
|
||
|
||

|
||
|
||
客户端引导的编程模型如下:
|
||
|
||
````text
|
||
|
||
//创建EventLoopGroup
|
||
EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
|
||
//创建客户端引导
|
||
Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
|
||
//配置各种属性,如Channel,ChannelHandler等
|
||
bootstrap.group(group)
|
||
.channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
|
||
.handler(new SimpleChannelInboundHandler<ByteBuf>() {
|
||
@Override
|
||
protected void channeRead0(
|
||
ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext,
|
||
ByteBuf byteBuf) throws Exception {
|
||
System.out.println("Received data");
|
||
byteBuf.clear();
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
//连接到远程主机
|
||
ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.connect(
|
||
new InetSocketAddress("www.manning.com", 80));
|
||
//设置连接成功后的回调
|
||
future.addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() {
|
||
@Override
|
||
public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture channelFuture)
|
||
throws Exception {
|
||
if (channelFuture.isSuccess()) {
|
||
System.out.println("Connection established");
|
||
} else {
|
||
System.err.println("Connection attempt failed");
|
||
channelFuture.cause().printStackTrace();
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
````
|
||
|
||
|
||
### 引导服务端
|
||
ServerBootstrap负责Netty应用程序的服务端引导,作为服务端,我们需要使用bind API来
|
||
与本地地址绑定,从而接收客户端连接,其过程如下:
|
||
|
||

|
||
|
||
服务端引导的编程模型如下:
|
||
|
||
````text
|
||
//创建EventLoopGroup
|
||
NioEventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
|
||
//创建服务端引导
|
||
ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
|
||
//配置各种属性,如Channel,ChannelHandler等
|
||
bootstrap.group(group)
|
||
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
|
||
.childHandler(new SimpleChannelInboundHandler<ByteBuf>() {
|
||
@Override
|
||
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx,
|
||
ByteBuf byteBuf) throws Exception {
|
||
System.out.println("Reveived data");
|
||
byteBuf.clear();
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
);
|
||
//绑定本地地址
|
||
ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.bind(new InetSocketAddress(8080));
|
||
//设置绑定成功后的回调
|
||
future.addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() {
|
||
@Override
|
||
public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture channelFuture)
|
||
throws Exception {
|
||
if (channelFuture.isSuccess()) {
|
||
System.out.println("Server bound");
|
||
} else {
|
||
System.err.println("Bound attempt failed");
|
||
channelFuture.cause().printStackTrace();
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
);
|
||
````
|