diff --git a/docs/java/Multithread/java线程池学习总结.md b/docs/java/Multithread/java线程池学习总结.md index a07636b3..c38de4d6 100644 --- a/docs/java/Multithread/java线程池学习总结.md +++ b/docs/java/Multithread/java线程池学习总结.md @@ -312,32 +312,32 @@ public class ThreadPoolExecutorDemo { **Output:** ``` -pool-1-thread-2 Start. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:44 CST 2019 -pool-1-thread-5 Start. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:44 CST 2019 -pool-1-thread-4 Start. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:44 CST 2019 -pool-1-thread-1 Start. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:44 CST 2019 -pool-1-thread-3 Start. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:44 CST 2019 -pool-1-thread-5 End. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:49 CST 2019 -pool-1-thread-3 End. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:49 CST 2019 -pool-1-thread-2 End. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:49 CST 2019 -pool-1-thread-4 End. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:49 CST 2019 -pool-1-thread-1 End. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:49 CST 2019 -pool-1-thread-2 Start. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:49 CST 2019 -pool-1-thread-1 Start. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:49 CST 2019 -pool-1-thread-4 Start. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:49 CST 2019 -pool-1-thread-3 Start. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:49 CST 2019 -pool-1-thread-5 Start. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:49 CST 2019 -pool-1-thread-2 End. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:54 CST 2019 -pool-1-thread-3 End. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:54 CST 2019 -pool-1-thread-4 End. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:54 CST 2019 -pool-1-thread-5 End. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:54 CST 2019 -pool-1-thread-1 End. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:54 CST 2019 +pool-1-thread-3 Start. Time = Sun Apr 12 11:14:37 CST 2020 +pool-1-thread-5 Start. Time = Sun Apr 12 11:14:37 CST 2020 +pool-1-thread-2 Start. Time = Sun Apr 12 11:14:37 CST 2020 +pool-1-thread-1 Start. Time = Sun Apr 12 11:14:37 CST 2020 +pool-1-thread-4 Start. Time = Sun Apr 12 11:14:37 CST 2020 +pool-1-thread-3 End. Time = Sun Apr 12 11:14:42 CST 2020 +pool-1-thread-4 End. Time = Sun Apr 12 11:14:42 CST 2020 +pool-1-thread-1 End. Time = Sun Apr 12 11:14:42 CST 2020 +pool-1-thread-5 End. Time = Sun Apr 12 11:14:42 CST 2020 +pool-1-thread-1 Start. Time = Sun Apr 12 11:14:42 CST 2020 +pool-1-thread-2 End. Time = Sun Apr 12 11:14:42 CST 2020 +pool-1-thread-5 Start. Time = Sun Apr 12 11:14:42 CST 2020 +pool-1-thread-4 Start. Time = Sun Apr 12 11:14:42 CST 2020 +pool-1-thread-3 Start. Time = Sun Apr 12 11:14:42 CST 2020 +pool-1-thread-2 Start. Time = Sun Apr 12 11:14:42 CST 2020 +pool-1-thread-1 End. Time = Sun Apr 12 11:14:47 CST 2020 +pool-1-thread-4 End. Time = Sun Apr 12 11:14:47 CST 2020 +pool-1-thread-5 End. Time = Sun Apr 12 11:14:47 CST 2020 +pool-1-thread-3 End. Time = Sun Apr 12 11:14:47 CST 2020 +pool-1-thread-2 End. Time = Sun Apr 12 11:14:47 CST 2020 ``` ### 4.2 线程池原理分析 -承接 4.1 节,我们通过代码输出结果可以看出:**线程池每次会同时执行 5 个任务,这 5 个任务执行完之后,剩余的 5 个任务才会被执行。** 大家可以先通过上面讲解的内容,分析一下到底是咋回事?(自己独立思考一会) +承接 4.1 节,我们通过代码输出结果可以看出:**线程首先会先执行 5 个任务,然后这些任务有任务被执行完的话,就会去拿新的任务执行。** 大家可以先通过上面讲解的内容,分析一下到底是咋回事?(自己独立思考一会) 现在,我们就分析上面的输出内容来简单分析一下线程池原理。 @@ -346,11 +346,11 @@ pool-1-thread-1 End. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:54 CST 2019 ```java // 存放线程池的运行状态 (runState) 和线程池内有效线程的数量 (workerCount) private final AtomicInteger ctl = new AtomicInteger(ctlOf(RUNNING, 0)); - + private static int workerCountOf(int c) { return c & CAPACITY; } - + //任务队列 private final BlockingQueue workQueue; public void execute(Runnable command) { @@ -390,11 +390,120 @@ pool-1-thread-1 End. Time = Tue Nov 12 20:59:54 CST 2019 ![图解线程池实现原理](https://my-blog-to-use.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/2019-7/图解线程池实现原理.png) + + +**`addWorker` 这个方法主要用来创建新的工作线程,如果返回true说明创建和启动工作线程成功,否则的话返回的就是false。** + +```java + // 全局锁,并发操作必备 + private final ReentrantLock mainLock = new ReentrantLock(); + // 跟踪线程池的最大大小,只有在持有全局锁mainLock的前提下才能访问此集合 + private int largestPoolSize; + // 工作线程集合,存放线程池中所有的(活跃的)工作线程,只有在持有全局锁mainLock的前提下才能访问此集合 + private final HashSet workers = new HashSet<>(); + //获取线程池状态 + private static int runStateOf(int c) { return c & ~CAPACITY; } + //判断线程池的状态是否为 Running + private static boolean isRunning(int c) { + return c < SHUTDOWN; + } + + + /** + * 添加新的工作线程到线程池 + * @param firstTask 要执行 + * @param core参数为true的话表示使用线程池的基本大小,为false使用线程池最大大小 + * @return 添加成功就返回true否则返回false + */ + private boolean addWorker(Runnable firstTask, boolean core) { + retry: + for (;;) { + //这两句用来获取线程池的状态 + int c = ctl.get(); + int rs = runStateOf(c); + + // Check if queue empty only if necessary. + if (rs >= SHUTDOWN && + ! (rs == SHUTDOWN && + firstTask == null && + ! workQueue.isEmpty())) + return false; + + for (;;) { + //获取线程池中线程的数量 + int wc = workerCountOf(c); + // core参数为true的话表明队列也满了,线程池大小变为 maximumPoolSize + if (wc >= CAPACITY || + wc >= (core ? corePoolSize : maximumPoolSize)) + return false; + //原子操作将workcount的数量加1 + if (compareAndIncrementWorkerCount(c)) + break retry; + // 如果线程的状态改变了就再次执行上述操作 + c = ctl.get(); + if (runStateOf(c) != rs) + continue retry; + // else CAS failed due to workerCount change; retry inner loop + } + } + // 标记工作线程是否启动成功 + boolean workerStarted = false; + // 标记工作线程是否创建成功 + boolean workerAdded = false; + Worker w = null; + try { + + w = new Worker(firstTask); + final Thread t = w.thread; + if (t != null) { + // 加锁 + final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock; + mainLock.lock(); + try { + //获取线程池状态 + int rs = runStateOf(ctl.get()); + //rs < SHUTDOWN 如果线程池状态依然为RUNNING,并且线程的状态是存活的话,就会将工作线程添加到工作线程集合中 + //(rs=SHUTDOWN && firstTask == null)如果线程池状态小于STOP,也就是RUNNING或者SHUTDOWN状态下,同时传入的任务实例firstTask为null,则需要添加到工作线程集合和启动新的Worker + // firstTask == null证明只新建线程而不执行任务 + if (rs < SHUTDOWN || + (rs == SHUTDOWN && firstTask == null)) { + if (t.isAlive()) // precheck that t is startable + throw new IllegalThreadStateException(); + workers.add(w); + //更新当前工作线程的最大容量 + int s = workers.size(); + if (s > largestPoolSize) + largestPoolSize = s; + // 工作线程是否启动成功 + workerAdded = true; + } + } finally { + // 释放锁 + mainLock.unlock(); + } + //// 如果成功添加工作线程,则调用Worker内部的线程实例t的Thread#start()方法启动真实的线程实例 + if (workerAdded) { + t.start(); + /// 标记线程启动成功 + workerStarted = true; + } + } + } finally { + // 线程启动失败,需要从工作线程中移除对应的Worker + if (! workerStarted) + addWorkerFailed(w); + } + return workerStarted; + } +``` + +更多关于线程池源码分析的内容推荐这篇文章:《[JUC线程池ThreadPoolExecutor源码分析](http://www.throwable.club/2019/07/15/java-concurrency-thread-pool-executor/)》 + 现在,让我们在回到 4.1 节我们写的 Demo, 现在应该是不是很容易就可以搞懂它的原理了呢? 没搞懂的话,也没关系,可以看看我的分析: -> 我们在代码中模拟了 10 个任务,我们配置的核心线程数为 5 、等待队列容量为 100 ,所以每次只可能存在 5 个任务同时执行,剩下的 5 个任务会被放到等待队列中去。当前的 5 个任务执行完成后,才会执行剩下的 5 个任务。 +> 我们在代码中模拟了 10 个任务,我们配置的核心线程数为 5 、等待队列容量为 100 ,所以每次只可能存在 5 个任务同时执行,剩下的 5 个任务会被放到等待队列中去。当前的5个任务中如果有任务被执行完了,线程池就会去拿新的任务执行。 ### 4.3 几个常见的对比