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leetcode算法题推荐
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# 经典算法思想介绍
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## 贪心算法
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### 算法思想
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贪心的本质是选择每一阶段的局部最优,从而达到全局最优。
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### 一般解题步骤
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- 将问题分解为若干个子问题
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- 找出适合的贪心策略
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- 求解每一个子问题的最优解
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- 将局部最优解堆叠成全局最优解
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### LeetCode
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455.分发饼干:https://leetcode.cn/problems/assign-cookies/
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121.买卖股票的最佳时机:https://leetcode.cn/problems/best-time-to-buy-and-sell-stock/
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122.买卖股票的最佳时机II:https://leetcode.cn/problems/best-time-to-buy-and-sell-stock-ii/
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55.跳跃游戏:https://leetcode.cn/problems/jump-game/
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45.跳跃游戏II:https://leetcode.cn/problems/jump-game-ii/
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## 动态规划
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### 算法思想
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动态规划中每一个状态一定是由上一个状态推导出来的,这一点就区分于贪心,贪心没有状态推导,而是从局部直接选最优的。
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经典题目:01背包、完全背包
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### 一般解题步骤
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- 确定dp数组(dp table)以及下标的含义
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- 确定递推公式
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- dp数组如何初始化
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- 确定遍历顺序
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- 举例推导dp数组
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### LeetCode
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509.斐波那契数:https://leetcode.cn/problems/fibonacci-number/
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746.使用最小花费爬楼梯:https://leetcode.cn/problems/min-cost-climbing-stairs/
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416.分割等和子集:https://leetcode.cn/problems/partition-equal-subset-sum/
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518.零钱兑换:https://leetcode.cn/problems/coin-change-ii/
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647.回文子串:https://leetcode.cn/problems/palindromic-substrings/
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516.最长回文子序列:https://leetcode.cn/problems/longest-palindromic-subsequence/
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## 回溯算法
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### 算法思想
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回溯算法实际上一个类似枚举的搜索尝试过程,主要是在搜索尝试过程中寻找问题的解,当发现已不满足求解条
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件时,就“回溯”返回,尝试别的路径。其本质就是穷举。
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经典题目:8皇后
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### 一般解题步骤
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- 针对所给问题,定义问题的解空间,它至少包含问题的一个(最优)解。
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- 确定易于搜索的解空间结构,使得能用回溯法方便地搜索整个解空间 。
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- 以深度优先的方式搜索解空间,并且在搜索过程中用剪枝函数避免无效搜索。
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### leetcode
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77.组合:https://leetcode.cn/problems/combinations/
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39.组合总和:https://leetcode.cn/problems/combination-sum/
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40.组合总和II:https://leetcode.cn/problems/combination-sum-ii/
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78.子集:https://leetcode.cn/problems/subsets/
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90.子集II:https://leetcode.cn/problems/subsets-ii/
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51.N皇后:https://leetcode.cn/problems/n-queens/
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## 分治算法
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### 算法思想
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将一个规模为N的问题分解为K个规模较小的子问题,这些子问题相互独立且与原问题性质相同。求出子问题的解,就可得到原问题的解。
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经典题目:二分查找、汉诺塔问题
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### 一般解题步骤
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- 将原问题分解为若干个规模较小,相互独立,与原问题形式相同的子问题;
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- 若子问题规模较小而容易被解决则直接解,否则递归地解各个子问题
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- 将各个子问题的解合并为原问题的解。
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### LeetCode
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108.将有序数组转换成二叉搜索数:https://leetcode.cn/problems/convert-sorted-array-to-binary-search-tree/
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148.排序列表:https://leetcode.cn/problems/sort-list/
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23.合并k个升序链表:https://leetcode.cn/problems/merge-k-sorted-lists/
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docs/cs-basics/data-structure/leetcode-recommended.md
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# 数组
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704.二分查找:https://leetcode.cn/problems/binary-search/
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80.删除有序数组中的重复项II:https://leetcode.cn/problems/remove-duplicates-from-sorted-array-ii
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977.有序数组的平方:https://leetcode.cn/problems/squares-of-a-sorted-array/
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# 链表
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707.设计链表:https://leetcode.cn/problems/design-linked-list/
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206.反转链表:https://leetcode.cn/problems/reverse-linked-list/
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92.反转链表II:https://leetcode.cn/problems/reverse-linked-list-ii/
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61.旋转链表:https://leetcode.cn/problems/rotate-list/
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# 栈与队列
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232.用栈实现队列:https://leetcode.cn/problems/implement-queue-using-stacks/
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225.用队列实现栈:https://leetcode.cn/problems/implement-stack-using-queues/
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347.前K个高频元素:https://leetcode.cn/problems/top-k-frequent-elements/
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239.滑动窗口最大值:https://leetcode.cn/problems/sliding-window-maximum/
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# 二叉树
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105.从前序与中序遍历构造二叉树:https://leetcode.cn/problems/construct-binary-tree-from-preorder-and-inorder-traversal/
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117.填充每个节点的下一个右侧节点指针II:https://leetcode.cn/problems/populating-next-right-pointers-in-each-node-ii
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236.二叉树的最近公共祖先:https://leetcode.cn/problems/lowest-common-ancestor-of-a-binary-tree/
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129.求根节点到叶节点数字之和:https://leetcode.cn/problems/sum-root-to-leaf-numbers/
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102.二叉树的层序遍历:https://leetcode.cn/problems/binary-tree-level-order-traversal/
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530.二叉搜索树的最小绝对差:https://leetcode.cn/problems/minimum-absolute-difference-in-bst/
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# 图
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200.岛屿数量:https://leetcode.cn/problems/number-of-islands/
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207.课程表:https://leetcode.cn/problems/course-schedule/
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210.课程表II:https://leetcode.cn/problems/course-schedule-ii/
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